How to use react-query useQuery inside onSubmit event?

In React applications, useQuery is typically used for asynchronous data fetching and is primarily designed to automatically trigger data retrieval when the component mounts. However, the scenario you mentioned—using useQuery in the onSubmit event of a form—is not a typical use case for useQuery. For event-based data queries or operations, React Query provides a more suitable hook: useMutation.

Why Use useMutation Instead of useQuery?

1. Automatic Execution vs Manual Triggering:

   • useQuery automatically executes when the component mounts, designed for data retrieval.
   • useMutation is used to execute when an event is triggered, suitable for submitting or updating data.

2. State Management:

   • useMutation provides enhanced state management capabilities, including handling states during request processing, after success, and on failure.

How to Use useMutation During Form Submission:

Assume we have a form for submitting user information, and we want to call an API when the form is submitted. First, we need to install react-query:

bash
npm install react-query

Then, we can create a component using useMutation:

jsx
import React from 'react';
import { useMutation } from 'react-query';

function UpdateProfile() {
    const mutation = useMutation(data => {
        return fetch('/api/update-profile', {
            method: 'POST',
            body: JSON.stringify(data),
            headers: {
                'Content-type': 'application/json; charset=UTF-8'
            }
        });
    });

    const handleSubmit = async (event) => {
        event.preventDefault();
        const formData = new FormData(event.target);
        const data = Object.fromEntries(formData.entries());
        
        mutation.mutate(data);
    };

    return (
        <form onSubmit={handleSubmit}>
            <input type="text" name="username" required />
            <input type="email" name="email" required />
            <button type="submit">Update Profile</button>
            {mutation.isLoading && <p>Updating...</p>}
            {mutation.isError && <p>Error occurred: {mutation.error.message}</p>}
            {mutation.isSuccess && <p>Profile Updated Successfully!</p>}
        </form>
    );
}

export default UpdateProfile;

Code Explanation:

1. Using useMutation:

   • useMutation accepts an asynchronous function, which here calls an API to update the user profile.

2. Form Handling:

   • The handleSubmit function handles the form submission event, prevents the default behavior, and retrieves data from the form using mutation.mutate for data submission.

3. State Feedback:

   • Use mutation.isLoading, mutation.isError, and mutation.isSuccess to provide user feedback about the submission status.

This allows us to effectively use React Query's useMutation to handle data submission and state management when the user submits the form.