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How can i reset or revert a file to a specific revision?

Git

3个答案

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The methods for resetting or restoring files to a specific version typically depend on how you manage and store these files. Below are several common file management environments and their corresponding reset or restore methods:

Version Control Systems (e.g., Git)

  1. Find the commit hash or tag for the specific version
sh
git log

Use the git log command to view the commit history and identify the specific version's commit hash or tag.

  1. Reset to a specific version
sh
git reset --hard <commit-hash>

Reset your HEAD pointer to the specific commit, which moves the current branch to that commit. Note that this discards all changes made on the current branch after this commit.

  1. Checkout a specific version of the file
sh
git checkout <commit-hash> -- <file-path>

Use this command to restore a specific file to its previous version.

Backup and Restore Systems

If you regularly back up your files, you can restore them using the backup system:

  1. Access the backup: Locate the backup containing the desired file version.
  2. Select the file: Choose the file or folder you want to restore.
  3. Restore: Use the backup system's restore feature to recover the file to the specific version.

Cloud Storage Services (e.g., Dropbox, Google Drive)

These services typically retain file edit history and allow you to restore to previous versions:

  1. View file version history: Right-click the file and select 'View Version History,' or look for the service's 'Version History' option.
  2. Select and restore the version: Find the desired file version and use the 'Restore' or 'Rollback' option to recover the file to that version.

File System Snapshots (e.g., Windows 'Previous Versions')

On some operating systems, you can use built-in file history or snapshot features:

  1. Access properties: Right-click the file or folder and select 'Properties'.
  2. Find the previous version: In the properties menu, look for the 'Previous Versions' or 'History' tab.
  3. Select and restore: Choose a version from the list and click 'Restore'.

Manual Copying

If you haven't used any of the above systems but manually save different versions of files periodically, simply locate the saved version of the file and replace the current one.

Reminder

Always back up your current work before performing any reset or restore operation to prevent data loss. If you're unsure about the process or lack experience, practice in a non-production environment first, or seek advice from experienced colleagues or professionals.

2024年6月29日 12:07 回复

Starting from Git v2.23.0, a new git restore command has been introduced that handles part of the git checkout functionality (as noted in accepted answers, git checkout can be confusing). See the GitHub blog for details on the changes.

The default behavior of this command is to restore the working tree state using the content from the --source parameter (in your case, it would be a commit hash).

Therefore, based on Greg Hewgill's answer (assuming the commit hash is c5f567), the command would be:

shell
git restore --source=c5f567 file1/to/restore file2/to/restore

Or if you want to restore to the content of the commit before c5f567:

shell
git restore --source=c5f567~1 file1/to/restore file2/to/restore
2024年6月29日 12:07 回复

Assume the hash value of the desired commit is c5f567:

bash
 git checkout c5f567 -- file1/to/restore file2/to/restore

The Git checkout manual page provides more information.

If you want to revert to the previous commit c5f567, use ~1 (where 1 is the number of commits to go back, which can be any value):

bash
 git checkout c5f567~1 -- file1/to/restore file2/to/restore

Additionally, I've always been concerned about this command because it's used for both ordinary tasks (switching between branches) and unusual destructive operations (discarding changes in the working directory).

For the meaning of -- in the command, refer to What does -- (dash dash) mean in Git?

There's also a new git restore command specifically for restoring modified working copy files. If your Git is new enough, you can use this command, but the documentation includes a warning:

This command is experimental. Its behavior may change.

Because git restore is experimental, it shouldn't be promoted as the primary answer to this question. When the command is no longer marked as 'experimental', this answer can be updated to promote git restore. [At the time of writing, the git restore command has been marked as 'experimental' for at least four years.]

2024年6月29日 12:07 回复

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